|==在上次1.1版的易混形近词的基础上，本版进一步丰富了释义和例句，标明了词汇的固定搭配用法，并在例句中对应的词汇进行标蓝注明（原文件有标注，b站自动去掉了此格式，下划线也被去掉了），此外增加了几组形近词，共收录114组300多个易混形近词。增强了易用性。希望能为在准备考研或四六级的你提供 助！
转发请注明原作者（椰狼乐乐），谢谢！
加*为考研、六级词汇（因考研跟六级词汇大部分重合，故不再细分）；其余为考研、四级、六级通用词汇。
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第一组：
*contend [k?ns thinking is flawed on this point.；vi. 竞争；争夺(for sth.)：four armed groups were contending for power.
content [tent] (with)满足的：he had to be content with third place.；(+to do sth.) 愿意：i was content to wait.；vt. 使满意；使满足：my apology seemed to content him.
*context [k?ntekst] n. [c, u] 上下文；语境；背景：this speech needs to be set in the context of britain in the 1960s.；来龙去脉：his decision can only be understood in context.
contest [k?nk?ntest] 比赛；竞赛：to enter/win/lose a contest.
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第二组：
contract [tr?kt] 收缩；订立合同(+sb. to (do) sth.)：the player is contracted to play until august.
contrast [k?ntr?st] n.[c, u] 差异；对比；对照：there is an obvious contrast between the cultures of east and west.；the company lost $7 million this quarter in contrast to a profit of $6.2 million a year earlier.；(+with) to show a sharp/stark/striking contrast with sth.；vt./vi. [k?n?tr?st] 对比；对照(a and/with b)：the poem contrasts youth and age.；(with sth.) 形成对比：her actions contrasted sharply with her promises.
contact [ve been trying to contact you all day.
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第三组：
commerce [k?m?:s] n.[u] 贸易；商业.
comment [k?ment] n.[c, u] 评论；意见(about/on sth)：she made helpful comments on my work.；vt./vi. 表达意见(on/upon sth)：i can comment on their decision.
*commence [k?mens] vt. 开始；着手：the meeting is scheduled to commence at noon.；(doing sth.)：we commence building next week.；(to do sth) operators commenced to build pipelines in 1862.；vi. (with) 开始：the day commenced with a welcome from the principal.
commend [k?mend] vt. 推荐；称赞(on sth/on doing sth)：she was commended on her handling of the situation.；推荐(to sb) she is an excellent worker and i commend her to you without reservation.
immense [imens] adj. 极大的, 巨大的：the benefits are immense.
immerse [im?:s] vt. 沉浸；使陷入(in sth)：she immersed herself in her work.
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第四组：
*inviting [?nva?t??] adj. 诱人的；吸引人的：the water looks really inviting.
invite [?nva?t] vt. 邀请，招待；招致.
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第五组：
exhaust [iɡz?:st] vt. 使筋疲力尽；耗尽：even a short walk exhausted her.；n.[u] 尾气.
*exhaustive [?gz?st?v] adj. 详尽的；彻底的；全面的：exhaustive research/tests.
exhausted [?ɡz?st?d] adj. 耗尽的；用完的；筋疲力尽的：to feel completely/utterly exhausted.
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第六组：
*hinder [ 妨碍：some teachers felt hindered by a lack of resources.；(from sth/from doing sth)：an injury was hindering him from playing his best.
render [ 给予：to render a service to sb.；致使；使变得：to render sth harmless/useless/ineffective. 呈献；提交：the committee was asked to render a report.；表演.
tender [t?nd?] adj. 柔软的；温柔的；脆弱的：this meat is extremely tender. n.[c] 投标；vt. 使…变嫩；提供，偿还：he has tendered his resignation to the prime minister.
*gender [d??nd?] n.[c, u] 性；性别；词性：issues of class, race and gender.
slender [sl?nd?] adj. 苗条的；细长的：a glass with a slender stem.
surrender [s?r?nd?] vt./vi. 投降, 放弃：they surrendered their guns to the police. n.[u] 投降；屈服；放弃：they demanded unconditional surrender.
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第七组：
pray [prei] vt./vi. 祈祷；恳求；央求(for)：ill pray for you.；(to do)：he prayed to be forgiven.
prayer [pre?] n.[c] 恳求；祈祷，祷告(for sb/sth)：prayers for the sick.
*prey [prei] vi. (+on)捕食；掠夺：owls prey on mice.；n. 被捕食的动物；捕食：the lion will often stalk its prey for hours.
spray [sprei] vt./vi. 喷洒；喷射(on/onto/over sb/sth)：spray the conditioner onto your wet hair.；(with sth)：the crops are regularly sprayed with pesticide.；n.[c, u] 飞沫；喷剂：a can of insect spray.
pay [pei] vt./vi. 支付；偿还：to pay a bill/debt/fine/ransom.；(for sth)：ill pay for the tickets.；n.[u] 工资；薪水：her job is hard work, but the pay is good.
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第八组：
*ellipse [??l?ps] n.[c] 椭圆.
*eclipse [iklips] n.[c] 日食；月食；vt. 遮住…的光；使失色：an outstanding performance that eclipsed the previous record.
*elapse [il?ps] vi. 时间过去；消逝(不用于进行时)：many years elapsed before they met again.
collapse [k?l?ps] vi. 倒塌；瓦解；暴跌：the roof collapsed under the weight of snow.；n.[c, u] 失败；倒闭；崩溃；倒塌：the walls were strengthened to protect them from collapse.
*lapse [l?ps] n.[c] 失误，过失；疏忽：a lapse of concentration.；vi. 衰退；失效；期满终止：his concentration lapsed after a few minutes.
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第九组：
assemble [?sembl] vt./vi. 聚集；集合；收集；装配；组装：the shelves are easy to assemble.
resemble [rizembl] vt. 像…；类似于(不用于进行时)：she closely resembles her sister.
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第十组：
*evasion [??ve??n] n.[c, u] 规避；逃避；回避；藉口；托辞：his speech was full of evasions.
invasion? [invei??n] n.[c, u] 侵犯；入侵，侵略：an invasion of privacy.
innovation [,in?uvei??n] n.[c, u] 创新；改革；新思想：an age of technological innovation.；(in sth) recent innovations in steel-making technology.
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第11组：
*simulate [simjuleit] vt. 模仿；假装；冒充：i tried to simulate surprise at the news.
stimulate [stimjuleit] vt. 促进；刺激；激励：parents gave children books that stimulate them.
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第12组：
*intrinsic [intrinsik,-k?l] adj. 固有的, 内在的, 本质的：the intrinsic value of education.
*eccentric [iksentrik] adj. 古怪的；异乎寻常的：eccentric behaviour/clothes.
*intrigue [inve really intrigued me — tell me more!；n.[c, u] 密谋策划；阴谋.
*intricate [intrik?t] adj. 错综复杂的：intricate patterns.
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第13组：
consent [k?nsent] n.[u] 同意；准许；允许：she was chosen as leader by common consent.；vi. 同意；准许；允许(+to)：she finally consented to answer our questions.
*conceit [k?nsi?t] n.[u] 自负；狂妄；幻想：her conceit about her beauty angered many people.
*conceive [k?nsi:v] vt. 想出（主意、计划等）；想象；构想；设想：i cannot conceive (= i do not believe) (that) he would wish to harm us.
concert [k?ns?:t] n.[c] 音乐会；演奏会.
concept [t grasp the basic concepts of mathematics.
conceal [k?nsi:l] vt. 隐藏；隐瞒；掩盖：the paintings were concealed beneath a thick layer of plaster.
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第14组：
convert [k?nve converted to organic food.
*avert [?v?:t] vt. 防止，避免；转移目光：a disaster was narrowly averted.
*divert [dais attention away from the economic situation.
*invert [ininv?:t] vt. （使）倒转；颠倒；使…反转；倒置：place a plate over the cake tin and invert it.
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第15组：
interval [int?v?l] n.[c] 间隔，间隙，间歇：the day should be mainly dry with sunny intervals.；每隔…时间；间或(at … intervals)：buses to the city leave at regular intervals.
internal [int?:n?l] adj. 国内的；内部的；内在的：the internal structure of a building.
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第16组：
stain [stein] vt./vi. 沾污；败坏；给…着色：this carpet stains easily.；n.[c] 污点；污渍.
retain [ritein] vt. 保持；持有；保留：the house retains much of its original charm.
strain [strein] n.[c, u] 压力；重负：their marriage is under great strain at the moment.；物理压力；张力：the rope broke under the strain.；vt. 损伤；拉伤；扭伤：to strain a muscle；vt./vi. 拉紧；尽力；竭力(to do sth)：people were straining to see what was going on.；(for sth)：he burst to the surface, straining for air.
restrain [ristrein] vt. 抑制，遏制；克制；约束：john managed to restrain his anger.；(from sth/from doing sth)：she had to restrain herself from crying out in pain.
restraint [ristreint] n. 抑制，遏制；克制；约束：the physical restraint of prisoners.
*detain [ditein] vt. 拘留；留住；扣押；耽搁：one man has been detained for questioning.
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第17组：
destination [,destinei??n] n.[c] 目的地；终点：our luggage was checked all the way through to our final destination.
distinction [disti?k??n] n.[c, u] 差别；区别；对比；特质；特点：we need to draw a distinction between the two events.
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第18组：
tongue [t??] n.[c] 舌头；语言：i tried speaking to her in her native tongue.；vt. 舔.
lung [l??] ?n.[c] 肺.
*lounge [laund?] n.[c] 休息室；vi. 闲逛；懒洋洋地躺卧.
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第19组：
provide [pr?uvaid] vt. 规定；提供；准备；给予：the report was not expected to provide any answers.
provided [pr?ll buy everything you produce, provided of course the price is right.
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第20组：
*strive [straiv] vi. (for/against)努力；奋斗；抗争：striving against corruption.
*strife [straif] n.[u] 冲突；争吵；不和：the country was torn apart by strife.
stripe [straip] n.[c] 条纹；线条；种类；类型：shes an educator of a very different stripe.
strike [straik] vt./vi. 撞击；碰撞：the ship struck a rock.；打击；敲击：he struck the table with his fist.；攻击；侵袭；爆发：the area was struck by an outbreak of cholera.；突然想到：an awful thought has just struck me.；朝…打去(at sb/sth)：he struck at me repeatedly with a stick.；n.[c] 罢工；罢课；罢市：a strike by teachers.；袭击；（尤指）空袭：an air strike.；击；打；踢：his spectacular strike in the second half made the score 2–0.
*stride [straid] n.[c] 大步；一步（的距离）：he crossed the room in two strides.；vt./vi. 跨过；大踏步走过：we strode across the snowy fields.
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第21组：
conscious [s very conscious of the problems involved.；神志清醒的；有知觉的；有意识的：a patient who is not fully conscious should never be left alone.
concise [k?nsais] adj. 简明的：a concise summary.
conscience [k?n??ns] n.[c, u] 良心；良知：to have a clear/guilty conscience (= to feel that you have done right/wrong).
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第22组：
compel [k?mpel] vt. 强迫，使不得不：last year ill health compelled his retirement.；(to do sth) i feel compelled to write and tell you how much i enjoyed your book.
compile [k?mpail] vt. 收集；编辑；编制：we’re trying to compile a list of suitable people for the job.
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第23组：
compose [k?mp?uz] vt. 组成，构成：ten men compose the committee.
compress [k?mk?mpres] vt./vi.（被）压紧，压缩：compressed air/gas.；浓缩；压缩(into sth) the main arguments were compressed into one chapter.
comprise [k?mpraiz] vt. (be comprised of) 包含；由…组成：the committee is comprised of representatives from both the public and private sectors.
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第24组：
concern [k?nt concern himself with the details.；n.[c, u] 担心，忧虑(about/for/over sth)：there is growing concern about violence on television.
concerning [k?ns?:ni?] prep. 关于，论及：he asked several questions concerning the future of the company.
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第25组：
barrel [b?r?l] n.[c] 桶；枪管，炮管：they got through two barrels of beer.
*barren [b?r?n] adj. 贫瘠的；不生育的；不结果的；无用的：a barren desert.
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第26组：
brick [brik] n.[c, u] 砖块；砖形物：a pile of bricks.；vt. 用砖堵住(in/up)：the windows had been bricked up.
brisk [brisk] adj. 快的；敏捷的；忙碌的；麻利的：a brisk walk.
*prick [prik] vt. 扎；刺；戳：he pricked the balloon and burst it.；(with sth) prick holes in the paper with a pin.；扎破，刺破(on sth)：she pricked her finger on a needle.
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第27组：
captain [k?ptin] n. 船长；队长，首领；上尉.
*caption [k?p??n] n. 字幕；标题；说明；vt. 加上说明；加上标题.
capital [k?pit?l] n[c]. 首都，省会；大写字母；资金：to set up a business with a starting capital of ￡100 000.；adj. 重要的；极好的；大写的：please write in capital letters.
captive [k?ptiv] adj. 被监禁的；被关起来的；被俘虏的：captive animals.
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第28组：
*bump [b?mp] vt./vi. 碰撞；撞上(+into/against/on)：in the dark i bumped into a chair.；n[c]. 碰撞（声）：he fell to the ground with a bump.；肿块.
*bumper [b?mp?] n[c]. 保险杠.
pump [p?mp] n[c]. 泵，抽水机；打气筒；vt./vi. 用抽水机抽；打气；涌出：blood was pumping out of his wound.
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第29组：
*flatter [fl?t?] vt. 向…奉承；阿谀；讨好：are you trying to flatter me?；感到荣幸(be/feel flattered)：he was flattered by her attention.
*flutter [fl?t?] vt./vi. 飘动；挥动；振（翅）：flags fluttered in the breeze.；n[c]. 振动；飘动；挥动：the flutter of wings.
*shatter [??t?] vt./vi. 打碎；使散开；粉碎；破坏(into sth)：he dropped the vase and it shattered into pieces on the floor.
*shutter [??t?] n[c]. 百叶窗；（照相机的）快门.
*shuttle [??tl] n[c]. 来往于两地之间的航班/火车：a shuttle service between london and edinburgh.；vt./vi. 穿梭往返(between a and b)：her childhood was spent shuttling between her mother and father.
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第30组：
supplement [s?plim?nt] n[c]. 增补（物）；补品；增刊；附录；vt. 增补；补充(with sth)：a diet supplemented with vitamin pills.
settlement [setlm?nt] n[c]. (解决纷争的)协议；[u] 解决；处理；偿还：the settlement of a dispute.
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第31组：
regulation [,reɡjulei??n] n[c]. 章程；规章制度；规则；法规；[u] 管理，控制：the voluntary regulation of the press.；adj. 规定的：in regulation uniform.
reputation [,repjutei??n] n.[c, u] 名誉；名声：to earn/establish/build a reputation.
repetition [rep?t??(?)n] n.[c, u] 重复；重做；重做的事：learning by repetition.
occupation [,?kjupei??n] n[c]. 工作；职业；消遣：please state your name, age and occupation below.
population [,p?pjulei??n] n.人口；(全体)居民.
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第32组：
bullet [bulit] n[c]. 子弹；弹丸：he was killed by a bullet in the head.
*bulletin [s health.
*ballet [lei] n.[u] 芭蕾舞：she wants to be a ballet dancer.；[c] 芭蕾舞剧.
*ballot [b?l?t] n.[c, u] 投票选举；投票表决；选票：she won 58.8% of the ballot.
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第33组：
cope [k?up] vi. (with)处理；对付；竞争：he was able to cope with the stresses and strains of the job.；n. 长袍.
scope [sk?up] n.[u] 眼界；范围；机会，能力(for sth)：theres still plenty of scope for improvement.；vt. 彻底检查，查清，探明：his eyes scoped the room, trying to spot her.
rope [r?up] n.[c, u] 粗绳；线缆；绳索；一串(+of)：a rope of pearls.；vt. 用绳子捆；套(rope a to b)：i roped the goat to a post.
ripe [raip] adj. 熟的，成熟的；时机成熟的(for sth)：this land is ripe for development.
*grope [ɡr?up] vi. (around+for sth.) 摸索；搜索；搜寻：he groped around in the dark for his other sock.
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第34组：
*cape [keip] n[c]. 披肩；披风：a bullfighters cape.；海角；岬：cape horn.
tape [teip] n.[c, u] 磁带；录音带；录像带；n.[u] 胶带；vt./vi. 录音；用带子捆起来(up)：put it in a box and tape it up securely.
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第35组：
council [kauns?l] n. 理事会；议会；委员会：a city/county/borough/district council.
*counsel [kauns?l] n.[u] 忠告；讨论；商议：listen to the counsel of your elders.；辩护律师.
console [k?ns?ul] vt. 安慰；抚慰：nothing could console him when his wife died.；n. 控制台.
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第36组：
*crisp [krisp] adj. 脆的；易碎的；新鲜的：a crisp apple.；vt./vi.（使）变脆.
crisis [kraisis] n. 危机；决定性时刻；危险期：their marriage has reached crisis point.
critic [kritik] n. 批评家，评论家；爱挑剔的人：a critic of private health care.
critical [s history.
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第37组：
*constitute [k?nstitju:t] vt. 被算作；组成；构成：female workers constitute the majority of the labour force.；成立，设立.
constitution [,k?nstitju:??n] n[c]. 宪法；章程：according to the constitution …；体质；体格：to have a healthy/strong/weak constitution；构成；构造：the genetic constitution of cells.
*constituent [k?nstitju?nt] n[c]. 选民，选举人；成分；构成要素.
continent [k?ntin?nt] n[c]. 大陆；洲：the continent of africa.
institute [institjut, -tu:t] n[c]. 机构；学会；学院：a research institute.；vt. 建立，制订（体系、政策等）；开始；实行：the new management intends to institute a number of changes.
institution [,institju:??n] n[c]. 风俗习惯，制度：the institution of marriage；机构；[u] 建立；设立；制订：the institution of new safety procedures.
substitute [s?bstitju:t, -tu:t] vt./vi. 代替；取代(+for/with)：margarine can be substituted fo

r butter in this recipe. = butter can be substituted with margarine in this recipe. （用margarine代替butter）.
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第38组：
*curb [k?:b] n[c]. 限制措施；抑制(on sth)：curbs on government spending；路缘；vt. 限制；控制，抑制：he needs to learn to curb his temper.
cure [kju?] vt. 治愈；治疗；加工处理；解决：will you be able to cure him, doctor? n[c]. 治疗；疗程；药物；疗法(for sth)：the search for a cure for cancer.
curl [k?:l] vt./vi. 卷曲；盘绕：the smoke curled steadily upwards.；n[c]. 鬈发；拳曲；卷状物：a curl of smoke.
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第39组：
principal [prins?p?l] adj. 最重要的；主要的：the principal reason for this omission is lack of time.；n. 负责人，校长.
principle [prins?pl] n[c]. 道德原则；行为准则；原则；原理：he has high moral principles.
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第40组：
desert [dez?t] n.[c, u] 沙漠；荒漠；vt. 舍弃；抛弃，离弃：she was deserted by her husband.
dessert [diz?:t] n.[c, u] （饭后）甜点，甜食.
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第41组：
extensive [ikstensiv] adj. 广阔的；广大的；大量的：the house has extensive grounds.
*expansive [?ksp?ns?v] adj.广阔的；辽阔的；浩瀚的：landscape with expansive(=extensive) skies.；可扩大的, 可扩展的（≠extensive）.
expensive [ikspensiv] adj. 昂贵的；花钱多的：an expensive car/restaurant/holiday.
intensive [intensiv] adj. 加强的, 集中的, 密集的：two weeks of intensive training.；彻底的：his disappearance has been the subject of intensive investigation.
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第42组：
accent [sent] n. 口音；腔调：she spoke english with an accent.；重音；重点；强调：in all our products the accent is on quality.
*ascent [?sent] n. 上升；登高；上坡路：the first ascent of mount everest.
*ascend [?send] vi. 上升；登高：the air became colder as we ascended.
*assent [?sent] vi. 赞成；同意(+to)：nobody would assent to the terms they proposed.；n.[u] 赞成；同意(+to)：the director has given her assent to the proposals.
*assert [?s?:t] vt. 断言；主张；声称：she continued to assert her innocence.；维护，坚持.
*asset [ll be an asset to the team.
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第43组：
*clash [kl??] n[c]. 打斗，打架，冲突；(+with/over)辩论；争执：a head-on clash between the two leaders over education policy.；差异；分歧. vi. 打斗；冲突；比赛：the two teams clash in tomorrowm going to.
crash [kr??] n[c]. 碰撞；碰撞声，破裂声；崩溃；坠落：a car/plane crash.；暴跌；倒闭；破产.；vt./vi. 碰撞；撞击；使发出巨响：thunder crashed overhead.
crush [kr??] vt. 压坏；压碎；（使）变皱：the car was completely crushed under the truck.
*clutch [kl?t?] vt./vi. 紧握；抱紧；抓紧：he gasped and clutched his stomach. n[c]. 离合器；一群；一批(a clutch of)：hes won a whole clutch of awards.；控制；掌管；紧紧抓住.
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第44组：
*disgrace [disɡreis] vt. 使丢脸；使蒙受耻辱；使失势：he had disgraced the family name.；n.[u] 丢脸；耻辱；不光彩：her behavior has brought disgrace on her family.
disguise [disɡaiz] vt. 假装；掩饰；隐瞒：she made no attempt to disguise her surprise.；n.[c, u] 假扮；装扮；伪装：he is a master of disguise.
disgust [disɡ?st] n.[u] 厌恶；憎恶；反感(for sb)：i can only feel disgust for these criminals.；(at/with sth)：she expressed her disgust at the programme by writing a letter of complaint.；vt. 使反感，厌恶：the level of violence in the film really disgusted me.
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第45组：
genius [d?i:nj?s] n.[c, u] 天才；天资；天赋：a mathematical/comic genius.
genuine [d?enjuin] adj. 真实的，真正的；诚恳的：genuine concern for others.
*ingenious [ind?i:nj?s] adj. 灵巧的；精巧的；新颖独特的：an ingenious device.
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第46组：
*appal (appall) [?p?:l] vt. 使惊骇；使充满恐惧：the brutality of the crime appalled the public.
appeal [?pi:l] n.[c, u] 上诉；申诉；呼吁，恳求：a look of silent appeal.；[u] 吸引力；感染力：mass/wide/popular appeal；vi. 呼吁，恳求(to sb) (for sth)：community leaders appealed for calm.；有吸引力；有感染力；上诉；申诉(to sb/sth) (against sth)：the company is appealing against the ruling.
*appease [?pi?z] vt. 使平息；使满足；安抚：an attempt to appease critics of the regime.
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第47组：
*deviate [di:vi?t] vi. (from)背离；偏离；违背：he never deviated from his original plan.
device [divais] n[c]. 装置；仪器；器具；设备：a water-saving device.；手段；策略；方法.
devise [divaiz] vt. 发明；设计；想出：a system has been devised to control traffic in the city.
devote [div?ut] vt. 献身；致力；专心(to sb/sth)：she devoted herself to her career.；把…用于(devote sth to sth)：i could only devote two hours a day to the work.
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第48组：
element [elim?nt] n[c]. 要素；基本部分；元素：the story has all the elements of a soap opera.；一群，一伙；基本原理，基础：the elements of map-reading.
*elemental [?el?ment(?)l] adj. 自然力的；强大的；基本的；主要的：an elemental truth.
elementary [,eliment?ri] adj. 初级的；基础的：an elementary english course.；基本的；简单的：elementary questions.
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第49组：
exclude [iksklu:d] vt. 排除；排斥；不包括(from sth)：try excluding fat from your diet.；防止…进入；阻止…参加(from sth)：the number of children excluded from school.
*exclusive [iksklu:siv] adj. 专用的；独家的；专有的：the hotel has exclusive access to the beach.；高档的；豪华的：an exclusive hotel.；n.[u] 独家新闻；独家报道.
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第50组：
casual [k??ju?l] adj. 不经意的；漫不经心的；不在乎的；马虎的；疏忽的：a casual manner.；偶然的；碰巧的：a casual encounter/meeting.
*casualty [k??ju?lti] n[c]. 意外事故遇难者：road casualties.；受害者：she became a casualty of the reduction in part-time work.；毁坏物.
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第51组：
sufficient [s?fi??nt] adj. 足够的；充足的(to do sth)：these reasons are not sufficient to justify the ban.；(for sth)：is ￡100 sufficient for your expenses?
insufficient [?ns?f??(?)nt] adj. 不充分的；不足的(to do sth/ for sth)：his salary is insufficient to meet his needs.
efficient [ifi??nt] adj. 效率高的；有功效的：efficient heating equipment.
inefficient [?n?f??(?)nt] adj. 效率低的；能力差的；浪费的：an inefficient heating system.
*deficient [d?f??(?)nt] adj. 有缺点的，有缺陷的；缺乏的；缺少的；不足的(in sth)：a diet that is deficient in vitamin a.
*proficient [pr?s proficient at his job.
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第52组：
forth [f?:θ] adv. 自…以后（外出）：they set forth at dawn.；向前；向某处：water gushed forth from a hole in the rock.
fourth [f?:θ] num. 第四：thompson is lying in fourth place.
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第53组：
grave [ɡreiv] n[c]. 坟墓；死亡；adj. 严重的；重大的；严峻的；严肃的：he looked very grave as he entered the room.
*gravel [gr?v(?)l] n.[u] 沙砾；砾石；石子：a gravel path.
gravity [s law of gravity.；严重性：the gravity of the situation.
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第54组：
gaol [d?e?l] n.[c, u] (=jail) 监狱；监牢；拘留所；vt. 监禁：he was gaoled for murder.
goal [ɡ?ul] n. 球门；目标；目的：to work towards a goal.；进球得分.
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第55组：
gasp [ɡɑ:sp, ɡ?sp] vi. 喘息；喘气(+at/for)：she gasped at the wonderful view.；vt./vi. 透不过气；气喘吁吁地说(for sth)：he came to the surface of the water gasping for air.
grasp [ɡrɑ:sp, ɡr?sp] vt. 抓紧；抓牢；理解；领会：they failed to grasp the importance of his words.；尽力抓住(at sth)：she grasped at his coat as he rushed past her.；n[c]. 抓紧；抓牢；理解；领会(of sth)：he has a good grasp of german grammar.
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第56组：
rim [rim] n[c]. 边沿：spectacles with gold rims.
*grim [ɡrim] adj. 严肃的；坚定的；阴冷的：a grim face/look/smile；令人不快的；令人沮丧的；凄凉的；糟糕的：grim news.
*grin [ɡrin] vt./vi. 露齿而笑；咧着嘴笑(at sb)：she grinned amiably at us.；n[c]. 露齿而笑：she gave a broad grin.
brim [brim] n[c]. 边沿：two wine glasses, filled to the brim.；vi. (with)盛满：her eyes brimmed with tears.；(+over with sth)：her heart was brimming over with happiness.
trim [trim] vt. 修剪；修整：to trim your hair.；剪下，除去（不必要的部分）(off sth)：trim any excess fat off the meat.；装饰，修饰，点缀(with sth)：gloves trimmed with fur.；n[c]. 修剪：the hedge needs a trim.；[u] 饰物，边饰.；adj. 苗条的；修长的：she has kept very trim.
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第57组：
*contradictory [k?ntr?d?kt(?)r?] adj. 相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的：the advice i received was often contradictory.
*controversy [k?ntr?,v?:si] n[c]. 争论；论战；辩论：to arouse/cause controversy.；(over/about/surrounding sb/sth)：a bitter controversy over/about the site of the new airport.
contrary [k?ntr?ri] adj. 相异的；相对立的；相反的：contrary advice/opinions.；(on/quite the contrary)：on the contrary, i enjoyed every minute.；(to the contrary)：show me some evidence to the contrary.
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第58组：
sauce [s?:s] n.[c, u] 调味汁；酱：tomato/cranberry/chilli sauce.
saucer [s?:s?] n[c]. 茶碟；茶托.
sausage [s?:-] n[c]. 香肠；腊肠：beef/pork sausages.
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第59组：
*signify [signifai] vt. 表示；说明；预示：the decision signified a radical change in their policies.
*magnify [m?ɡnifai] vt. 放大；赞美；夸大(to/by sth)：an image magnified by a factor of 4.
*unify [ju:nifai] vt. 统一；使相同，使一致：the new leader hopes to unify the country.
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第60组：
sob [s?b] vt./vi. 抽噎；啜泣；哭诉；抽噎着说：‘i hate him,’ she sobbed.；n[c]. 啜泣（声）；呜咽（声）：he gave a deep sob.
sober [d stay sober tonight.； vt./vi. 使清醒；使严肃：the bad news sobered us for a while.
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第61组：
*spectacular [spekt?kjul?] adj. 壮观的；壮丽的；令人惊叹的：spectacular scenery.
*spectator [spekspekt-] n[c]. 观看者，观众.
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第62组：
sunrise [s?nraiz] n.[u] 日出(时分)；黎明：we got up at sunrise.
sunset [s?nset] n.[u] 日落；傍晚：every evening at sunset the flag was lowered.
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第63组：
*sanction [s??,k??n] n[c]. 制裁，处罚：the economic sanctions have been lifted.；[u] 许可，批准：the changes will require the sanction of the court.；vt. 制裁，处罚；批准：the government refused to sanction a further cut in interest rates.
*sensation [sensei??n] n.[c, u] 感觉；知觉；感觉能力；直觉：he had the sensation of being watched.
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第64组：
stack [st?k] n[c]. 一叠，一摞，一堆(a stack of)：a stack of books；大量；许多(stacks of)：stacks of money；vt./vi. 使堆叠；堆积：to stack boxes.；(with sth)：they were busy stacking the shelves with goods.
stake [steik] n[c]. 桩；火刑；赌注；有风险(at stake)：we cannot afford to take risks when peoples lives are at stake.；vt./vi. 打赌，拿…冒险(on sth)：he staked ￡25 on the favourite.
stale [steil] adj. 不新鲜的；陈旧的；污浊的；（烟味）难闻的：stale cigarette smoke.
*steak [steik] n.[c, u] 牛排；肉排：steak tartar.
stare [stε?] vi. (+at)盯着看；凝视；注视：i screamed and everyone stared at me.；n[c]. 盯，注视：she gave him a blank stare.
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第65组：
steal [sti:l] vt./vi. 偷；窃取(from sb/sth)：we found out hed been stealing from us for years.
steel [sti:l] n.[u] 钢铁；钢铁般坚强（冷漠、坚硬）的(of steel)：she felt a hand of steel (= a strong, firm hand) on her arm.
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第66组：
*merge [m?:d?] vt./vi. 合并；吞没；使合并：the banks are set to merge next year.；(into sth)：the villages expanded and merged into one large town.；(a with b)：his department will be merged with mine.；相融；融入(into sth)：the hills merged into the dark sky behind them.
emerge [im?:d?] vi. 出现；露出；暴露：no new evidence emerged during the investigation.；(from sth)：the swimmer emerged from the lake.；(into sth)：we emerged into bright sunlight.
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第67组：
*envision [env??(?)n] vt.（=imagine，= envisage）展望；想像：they envision an equal society, free of poverty and disease.
*envisage [invizid?] vt.（=imagine，= envision）
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第68组：
instance [inst?ns] n[c]. 例子；事例；实例：the report highlights a number of instances of injustice.；例如；比如(for instance)：for instance, if you found a member of staff stealing?；第一；首先(in the first instance)：in the first instance, notify the police and then…
instant [ll be back in an instant.
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第69组：
*revenue [rev?nju:, -nu:] n[c]. 收入；税收；收益：a shortfall in tax revenue.
avenue [?v?nju:] n[c]. 大街：a hotel on fifth avenue；途径；手段：several avenues are open to us.
*venue [venju?] n[c]. 聚集地点；会场；比赛场所：the band will be playing at 20 different venues on their uk tour.
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第70组：
anticipate [?nt anticipate it being a problem.；先于…做；期盼：we eagerly anticipated the day we would leave school.
participate [pɑ:t participate in the discussion.
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第71组：
perspective [p?spektiv] n[c]. 态度；观点；想法：try to see the issue from a different perspective.；(on sth)：his experience abroad provides a wider perspective on the problem.；判断力：she was aware that she was losing all sense of perspective.；景观；远景：a perspective of the whole valley.
respective [rispektiv] adj. 分别的；各自的：they are each recognized specialists in their respective fields.
*perceptive [p?sept?v] adj. 理解力强的；有洞察力的；思维敏捷的：a highly perceptive comment.；感觉的；知觉的：our innate perceptive abilities.
*prospective [pr?uspektiv] adj. 预期的；未来的；可能的：they are worried about prospective changes in the law.
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第72组：
deceive [disi:v] vt. 欺骗；蒙骗；误导：her husband had been deceiving her for years.；(deceive sb into doing sth)：she deceived him into handing over all his savings.
*conceive [k?nsi:v] vt. 构思；持有；以为：i cannot conceive what it must be like.；怀孕.
perceive [p?si:v] vt. 察觉，感觉：i perceived a change in his behavior.；理解；被视为(as)：this discovery was perceived as a major breakthrough.
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第73组：
preserve [priz?:v] vt. 保存；保护；维持：a perfectly preserved 14th century house.
*persevere [,p?:sivi?] vi. 坚持；孜孜以求(+in/with)：she persevered with her violin lessons.
reserve [r?ve reserved a room.；保留；拥有，保持：these seats are reserved for special guests.；n[c]. 储备（量）；贮藏：large oil and gas reserves.；自然保护区：a wildlife reserve.
deserve [dit deserve to win.；(doing sth)：several other points deserve mentioning.
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第74组：
obvious [d prefer not to give my name.；(to sb)：it was obvious to everyone that…；公认的；当然的：she was the obvious choice for the job.
observe [?bz?:v] vt./vi. 观察；注视；看到；注意到；观察到：have you observed any changes lately? (observe sb do sth)：the police observed a man enter the bank.；(observe sb doing sth)：they observed him entering the bank.；vt. 说话；评论：she observed that it was getting late.
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第75组：
comprehension [k?mprihen??n] n.[u] 理解力；领悟能力：speech and comprehension.
comprehensive [k?mprihensiv] adj. 广泛的；综合的；详尽的：a comprehensive list of addresses.
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第76组：
intend [int intend staying long.
*intent [?ntent] adj. 专心的；急切的；坚决的：his eyes were suddenly intent.；(on/upon)：are you intent upon destroying my reputation?；n.[u] 意图；意向；目的：his intent is clearly not to placate his critics.
intense [intens] adj. 强烈的；紧张的；热情的；非常的：intense heat/cold/pain.
intensive [intensiv] adj. 加强的；集中的；密集的：two weeks of intensive training.；彻底的；十分细致的：his disappearance has been the subject of intensive investigation.
intention [inten??n] n.[c, u] 打算；计划；意图；目的(of doing sth)：i have no intention of going to the wedding.；(to do sth)：he has announced his intention to retire.
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第77组：
*complement [ve taken our full complement of trainees this year.；vt. 补足；补充：the excellent menu is complemented by a good wine list.
*compliment [k?mplim?nt] n[c]. 赞扬；称赞；致意；问候；祝贺：my compliments to the chef.；vt. 赞美；称赞；钦佩(on sth)：she complimented him on his excellent german.
*implement [impliment] vt. 使生效；贯彻；执行；实施：to implement changes/decisions/policies/reforms.；n[c]. 工具，器具：agricultural implements.
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第78组：
comply [k?mplai] vi.答应；遵守；遵从(with)：they refused to comply with the un resolution.
imply [implai] vt. 暗示；意味；隐含：are you implying (that) i am wrong?；说明；表明：it was implied in the survey that …
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第79组：
paradise [p?r?da?s] n. 天堂.
*paralyse [p?r?laiz] vt. (=*paralyze)使瘫痪[麻痹]：she stood there, paralysed with fear.
*paradigm [p?r?dim] n[c]. 典范；范例；样式：a paradigm for students to copy.
*paradox [p?r?d?ks] n[c]. 似非而是的论点；悖论；自相矛盾的人/事：a well-known paradox.
*orthodox [?:θ?d?ks] adj. 正统的；惯常的；传统的：orthodox medicine.
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第80组：
moist [m?ist] adj. 微湿的；湿润的：warm moist air.
midst [midst] n. 当中，中间(in the midst of sth/of doing sth)：such beauty was unexpected in the midst of the city.
mist [mist] n.[常u] 薄雾；水汽：early morning mist patches will soon clear.；vt./vi. 结满雾气(up)：the windows were misted up with condensation.；眼含泪水(over/up)：her eyes misted over as she listened to the speech.
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第81组：
humid [hju:mid] adj. 潮湿的；湿润的；these ferns will grow best in a humid atmosphere.
timid [timid] adj. 羞怯的；胆怯的：he stopped in the doorway, too timid to go in.
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第82组：
fabric [f?brik] n.[c, u] 织物；布料：cotton fabric.；结构：a trend which threatens the very fabric of society.
*fabricate [f?brikeit] vt. 编造，捏造，虚构；伪造：the evidence was totally fabricated.
*intricate [intrik?t] adj. 错综复杂的：intricate patterns.
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第83组：
crime [kraim] n.[c, u] 犯罪活动；不法行为；罪行：to commit a crime.
prime [praim] adj. 基本的；最好的；主要的：my prime concern is to protect my property.；典型的；有代表性的：the building is a prime example of 1960s architecture.；n. 初期；青年：a young woman in her prime.；vt. 使准备好：the bomb was primed, ready to explode.；(for/with sth)：they had been primed with good advice.
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第84组：
rein [rein] n[c]. 缰绳；驾驭；统治：the vice-president was forced to take up the reins of office.
reign [rein] vi. 统治；当政：queen victoria reigned from 1837 to 1901.；成为最佳；盛行：at last silence reigned.；n. 统治时期；支配：during the reign of charles ii.
resign [rizain] vt./vi. 辞职；放弃(as sth)：he resigned as manager after eight years.；听任；顺从(resign oneself to sth)：she resigned herself to her fate.
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第85组：
whisper [hwisp?] vt./vi. 耳语；低语；私语；小声说：she leaned over and whispered something in his ear.；(about sth)：what are you two whispering about?；n[c]. 耳语（声）；低语（声）：they spoke in whispers.
*whisker [w?sk?] n[c]. 胡须；腮须.
whisky [hwiski] n.[c, u] 威士忌酒.
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第86组：
*longitude [l?nd?itju:d, -tu:d] n.经度.
*latitude [l?titju:d, -tu:d] n.纬度.
altitude [?ltitju:d, -tu:d] n.高度，海拔.
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第87组：
altitude [?ltitju:d, -tu:d] n.高度，海拔.
attitude [?titju:d, -tu:d] n[c]. 态度；看法(to/towards)：to have a good/bad/positive/negative attitude towards sb/sth.
*aptitude [?pt?tju?d, -tu:d] n.[c, u] 天资；天生的才能；天赋(for sth/ for doing sth)：she showed a natural aptitude for the work.
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第88组：
*delegate [deliɡ?t] n[c]. 代表；会议代表：the conference was attended by delegates from 56 countries.；vt. 任命；委派…为代表(to sb)：the job had to be delegated to an assistant.
delicate [delik?t] adj. 微妙的；易碎的：the eye is one of the most delicate organs of the body.；虚弱的；纤弱的：a delicate child/constitution；纤细的；微小的；精美的；精密的：the delicate mechanisms of a clock.；熟练的：i admired your delicate handling of the situation.；清淡的.
*dedicate [dedikeit] vt. 致力；献身(to sth)：she dedicates herself to her work.；(to doing sth)：he dedicated his life to helping the poor.
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第89组：
*couch [kaut?] n[c]. 长沙发；卧榻；诊察台：on the psychiatrists couch.
*crouch [kra?t?] vi. 蹲下；蹲伏：he crouched down beside her.
*crunch [kr?n(t)?] n[c]. 压碎声；碎裂声：the crunch of feet on snow.；vt./vi. 压碎；嘎吱作响：the snow crunched under our feet.
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第90组：
*pedal [t reach the pedals on her bike.；vt./vi. 骑自行车；踩踏板：he jumped on his bike and pedaled off.
*paddle [p?dl] n[c]. 桨；船桨；桨状部分.；vt./vi. 用桨划船；蹚水：we paddled downstream for about a mile.
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第91组：
spontaneous [sp?nteini?s] adj. 自发的；自然的：the audience burst into spontaneous applause.
*simultaneous [,sim?lteini?s] adj. 同时发生的；同步的：simultaneous translation/interpreting.
*instantaneous [,inst?nteinj?s] adj. 立即的；立刻的；瞬间的：an instantaneous response.
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第92组：
*solidarity [,s?lid?riti] n. 团结：community solidarity.；支持某人(with sb)：to express/show solidarity with sb.
*solidify [s?s top band.
*solitary [s?lit?ri] adj. 独自的；仅有的；单独的：a solitary farm.
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第93组：
dumb [d?m] adj. 哑的；不能说话的：she was born deaf and dumb.；一时语塞的：we were all struck dumb with amazement.；愚蠢的；傻的；笨的：that was a pretty dumb thing to do.
dump [d?mp] vt. 倾倒；倾卸；丢下；抛弃：the dead body was just dumped by the roadside.；n[c]. 垃圾场；废物堆：a toxic/nuclear waste dump.
*numb [n?m] adj. 麻木的；失去知觉的：he felt numb with shock.；vt. 使麻木：his fingers were numbed with the cold.
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第94组：
correspond [,k?:risp?nd] vi. 相一致；符合：your account and hers do not correspond.；(+to/with sth)类似于；相当于：the british job of lecturer corresponds roughly to the us associate professor.
correspondence [,k?:risp?nd?ns] n.[常u] 信件；书信；通信：we have been in correspondence for months.；(with sb)：i refused to enter into any correspondence with him about it.；[c, u] 相关；相似(between a and b)：there is a close correspondence between the two extracts.
correspondent [,k?:risp?nd?nt] n[c]. 记者；通讯员：a foreign/war/sports correspondent.
corresponding [,k?:risp?ndi?] adj. 符合的；相应的；相关的(+to)：give each picture a number corresponding to its position on the page.
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第95组：
external [ikst?:n?l] adj. 外部的；表面的；外来的；外面的：the external walls of the building.
*eternal [it?:n?l] adj. 永恒的；不朽的：the eternal glory.
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第96组：
diary [ll make a note of our next meeting in my diary.；(keep a diary)：do you keep a diary (= write diary regularly)?
dairy [dε?ri] n[c]. 乳品店；adj. 牛奶的；牛奶制的；乳品的：dairy products/produce.
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第97组：
consist [k?nsist] vi. (+of)组成, 构成：the committee consists of ten members.；(+in)存在于；在于：the beauty of the city consists in its magnificent buildings.
persist [p?zist] vt./vi. 坚持；执著地做(in (doing) sth)：she persisted in her search for the truth.；(with sth)：he persisted with his questioning.；维持；保持；持续存在：if the symptoms persist, consult your doctor.
resist [rizist] vt./vi. 抵制；阻挡；回击；抵抗：he tried to pin me down, but i resisted.
insist [insist] vt./vi. 坚持，强调(on sth/sb doing sth)：he insisted on his innocence.
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第98组：
sympathy [s all her own fault.；赞同；支持.
*symphony [s fifth symphony.
*symptom [simpt?m] n[c]. 征兆；症状：flu symptoms.
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第99组：
propose [pr?up?uz] vt. 提议；建议：she proposed that the book be banned.；(doing sth)：he proposed changing the name of the company.；(it is proposed to do sth)：it was proposed to pay the money from public funds.；打算；计划(to do)：what do you propose to do now?；(doing sth)：how do you propose getting home?
purpose [s main purpose is to raise money.；故意，有意地(on purpose)：he did it on purpose, knowing it would annoy her.
suppose [s?p?uz] vt./vi. 认为，推断，料想：prices will go up, i suppose.；假定；假设；设想：the theory supposes the existence of life on other planets.；应当，本该(be supposed to do sth)：i thought we were supposed to be paid today.
oppose [?p?uz] vt./vi. 反对；使相对(doing sth)：i would oppose changing the law.
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第100组：
assume [?s welfare.
resume [rizju:m] vt./vi. 重新开始；（中断后）继续：to resume talks/negotiations.；(doing sth)：he got back in the car and resumed driving.；n. 摘要；简历.
*presume [prizju:m] vt. 假定；设想；推测：i presumed (that) he understood the rules.
consume [k?nsju:m] vt. 消耗，耗费：the electricity industry consumes large amounts of fossil fuels.；烧毁；毁灭：the hotel was quickly consumed by fire.
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第101组：
*conform [k?nf?:m] vi. (+to/with) 顺应；遵照；遵守：the building does not conform with safety regulations.；相一致；相符合：it did not conform to the usual stereotype of an industrial city.
confirm [k?nf?:m] vt. 确认；批准；证实；确定：can you confirm what happened?
confine [k?nk?nfain] vt. 限制；限定(+to)：the work will not be confined to the glasgow area.；监禁；禁闭(in sth)：keep the dog confined in a suitable travelling cage..
*confront [k?nfr?nt] vt. 遭遇；面临：the economic problems confronting the country.；处理，解决：she knew that she had to confront her fears.；面对；对抗：this was the first time he had confronted an armed robber.；使面对(confronted with sth)：he confronted her with a choice between her career or their relationship.
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第102组：
handy [h?ndi] adj. 手边的，就近的；便利的：have you got a pen handy?；易使用的；容易做的：a handy little tool.
handful [h?ndful] n[c]. 一把(of sth)：a handful of rice；少数：only a handful of people came.
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第103组：
*subsidiary [s?bs?d??r?] adj. 辅助的；附带的；次要的：subsidiary information.
*subsidy [s?bsidi] n[c, u]. 津贴；补助金；补贴：agricultural subsidies.
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第104组：
grand [ɡr?nd] adj. 宏伟的；豪华的；极重要的：the wedding was a very grand occasion.；极好的；快乐的；美妙的：i had a grand day out at the seaside.
grant [ɡrɑ:nt, ɡr?nt] vt. 同意，准予，允许：my request was granted.；承认，同意：i grant you (that) it looks good, but its not exactly practical.；n[c]. 补助金，助学金；津贴：student grants.
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第105组：
*aggregate [?gr?g?t] n[c]. 总数；合计(on aggregate)：they won 4–2 on aggregate.
*aggravate [?ɡr?veit] vt. 使严重；使恶化：pollution can aggravate asthma.
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第106组：
staff [stɑ:f, st?f] n[c, u]. 全体职工；管理人员，行政人员：students, faculty and staff.
stiff [stif] adj. 僵硬的；坚硬的：a stiff brush.；艰难的：it’s a stiff climb to the top of the hill.；严厉的；激烈的：the new proposals have met with stiff opposition.；不友好的；生硬的：the speech he made to welcome them was stiff.；adv. 非常；极其：be bored/scared/worried stiff.
stuff [st?f] n.[u] 材料；东西：the chairs were covered in some sort of plastic stuff.；基本特征；特质；根本；基础；原料：letre made of.；vt. 填满；装满；把…塞进：she stuffed the money under a cushion.；(a with b)：she had 500 envelopes to stuff with leaflets.；(into/under)：she had 500 leaflets to stuff into envelopes.
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第107组：
distinct [disti?kt] adj. 清晰的；清楚的；明白的：there was a distinct smell of gas.；截然不同的；有区别的；不同种类的：the results of the survey fell into two distinct groups.；确实的；确切的：being tall gave tony a distinct advantage.
*extinct [iksti?kt] adj. 灭绝的，绝种的：an extinct species；熄灭的；消亡的：servants are now almost extinct in modern society.
instinct [insti?kt] n[c]. 本能，直觉；天性(to do sth)：his first instinct was to run away.；(for sth/for doing sth)：horses have a well-developed instinct for fear.
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第108组：
aural [?:r?l] adj. 听觉的：aural comprehension tests.
rural [ru?r?l] adj. 农村的：rural areas.
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第109组：
*astronomy [?str?n?mi] n. 天文学.
*autonomy [?:t?n?mi] n. 自治，自治权.
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第110组：
beast [bi:st] n[c]. 动物，兽：wild/savage/ferocious beasts.；讨厌的人（或事物）：the math exam was a real beast.
breast [brest] n[c]. 乳房，胸部；胸怀：he cradled the child against his breast.
feast [fi:st] n[c]. 盛宴；宴会：a wedding feast.；节日：the feast of christmas.
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第111组：
apartment [?pɑ:tm?nt] n[c]. 一套房间；公寓：self-catering holiday apartments.
department [dipɑ:tm?nt] n[c]. 部；部门；系：a government/university department.
*compartment [k?mpɑ:tm?nt] n[c]. 间隔；(列车车厢的)隔间；隔层：the desk has a secret compartment.
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第112组：
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infect [infekt] vt. 传染；使感染(with)：people infected with hiv.
*inject [ind?ekt] vt.注射(药液等)；注入(into)：adrenaline was injected into the muscle.；(with sth)：the fruit is injected with chemicals to reduce decay.
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第113组：
loyal [l?i?l] adj. 忠诚的，忠心的；忠贞的(to sb/sth)：she has always remained loyal to her principles.
royal [r?i?l] adj. 皇家的；王室的：the royal family.；庄严的；盛大的：we were given a royal welcome.
loyalty [l?i?lti] n[u, c]. 忠诚；忠实；忠心耿耿(to/towards sb/sth)：they swore their loyalty to the king.
*royalty [r?i?lti] n[u]. 王室成员：we were treated like royalty.
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第114组：
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boast [b?ust] vt./vi. 自夸；自吹自擂(about sth)：she is always boasting about how wonderful her children are.；(of sth)：he openly boasted of his skill as a burglar.；n[c]. 夸耀；夸口.
coast [k?ust] n[c, u]. 海岸；海滨：a town on the south coast of england.；vi. 滑行.
roast [r?ust] vt./vi. 烘，烤，焙：to roast a chicken.；n[c, u]. 烤肉：a hot dog roast.；adj. 烤的；焙的：roast chicken.
toast [d like to propose a toast to the bride and groom.；vt./vi. 烘，烤：a toasted sandwich.；干杯；敬酒：we toasted the success of the new company.
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参考资料：
1. 牛津高阶英汉双解词典(第8版), oxford advanced learners english-chinese dictionary 8th edition；
2. 美国传统词典(第5版), the american heritage dictionary of the english language, fifth edition.
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欢迎大家补充&更正！